Western officials have said that the Kremlin, frustrated with its lack of gains on the ground, is now relying on strikes from afar to support its bloody invasion. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, in remarks Monday, said Russia has bombarded some of his countryâs cities beyond recognition and accused Russian military pilots of having âemptiness instead of heart.â He also said that any political compromises needed to end the Russian assault would require Ukrainian voter approval via referendum.
Biden warned that Russian President Vladimir Putin could seek to escalate the war by using biological and chemical weapons in Ukraine, though he did not provide evidence. The Pentagon also said it has detected âincreased naval activityâ in the northern Black Sea, where the port city of Odessa is bracing for a potential assault. Air raid sirens blared across Ukraine overnight Monday â another day marked with death and destruction after strikes in Mykolaiv and Odessa.
Hereâs what to know
Map: Russiaâs latest advances in Ukraine
Return to menuRussian forces continued to shell civilians and Ukrainian forces in Kharkiv and Kyiv on Monday. Shelling also targeted civilian infrastructure in Mariupol, in the south of Ukraine.
Russia conducted several unsuccessful assaults in separatist-controlled Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts but it did not make any major territorial advances.

Russian-held areas and troop movement
BELARUS
RUSSIA
POL.
Separatist-
controlled
area
Kyiv
Lviv
Kharkiv
UKRAINE
Mariupol
ROMANIA
Odessa
200 MILES
Russian forces continued to shell Ukrainian
defense and civilians in Kharkiv.
Russia targeted civilian infrastructure in
Mariupol but made no territorial progress.
Control areas as of March 21
Sources: Institute for the Study of War,
AEI's Critical Threats Project, Post reporting

Russian-held areas
and troop movement
RUSSIA
BELARUS
Russian forces continued to shell Ukrainian defense and civilians in Kharkiv.
Chernihiv
POLAND
Sumy
Kyiv
Lviv
Kharkiv
UKRAINE
Separatist-
controlled
area
Kherson
Odessa
ROMANIA
Mariupol
Russia targeted civilian infrastructure in Mariupol but made no territorial progress.
Sea of
Azov
100 MILES
Crimea
Annexed by Russia
in 2014
Black Sea
Active nuclear power plants with power-generating capabilities
Control areas as of March 21
Sources: Institute for the Study of War, AEI's Critical Threats Project, Post reporting

Russian-held areas
and troop movement
BELARUS
RUSSIA
Chernihiv
Russian forces continued to shell Ukrainian defense and civilians in Kharkiv.
POLAND
Sumy
Kyiv
Lviv
Kharkiv
Separatist-
controlled
area
UKRAINE
Mykolaiv
Mariupol
Russia targeted civilian infrastructure in Mariupol but made no territorial progress.
Kherson
ROMANIA
Odessa
Sea of
Azov
Crimea
Annexed by Russia
in 2014
Active nuclear power plants with power-generating capabilities
Black
Sea
Control areas as of March 21
100 MILES
Sources: Institute for the Study of War, AEI's Critical Threats Project, Post reporting
Belarusian Defense Ministry says it has withdrawn troops from Ukrainian border
Return to menuThe Belarusian Defense Ministry said it had withdrawn troops that were deployed near the Ukrainian border, according to statements posted on its Telegram channel on Monday, after the Ukrainian military said Russia was trying to bring Belarus into the war on its side.
Ukrainian officials and Western observers have suggested Russia is trying to draw Belarus into its invasion of Ukraine, including by attacking Belarus from Ukrainian territory as a provocation.
Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, an ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin, appears to be resisting Moscowâs pressure to join the war, military experts say, though he has let Russia use Belarus as a staging area for troops and a missile launch site.
A new Russian-Belarusian offensive from Belarus, which is directly north of Ukraine, would be unlikely to succeed, military experts say. The invaders âwould face staunch Ukrainian resistance and similar, if not greater, morale and logistics issues to Russian forces elsewhere,â experts at the Institute for the Study of War, a Washington-based think tank, said this week.
A military failure for Belarus could spell political trouble for Lukashenko, who has sought to violently quell popular protests against his authoritarian regime at home.
How Russiaâs aggression in Ukraine in 2014 and 2015 is shaping Bidenâs actions today
Return to menuThe former diplomats and defense officials who visited the U.S. Naval Observatory in early 2015 were seeking a receptive audience â and they found one in Vice President Joe Biden. Russia had taken over the Ukrainian territory of Crimea the previous year and fueled a bloody separatist uprising in the countryâs east, and the officials urgently wanted President Barack Obama to send Ukraine advanced antitank missiles, called Javelins.
Not only would that help repel the Russian-armed separatists, they insisted, but it would serve as a powerful symbol of Americaâs determination to stand by a former Soviet republic that was moving steadily toward the West.
âHe said, âOkay, Iâll go down the hallâ â meaning to the Oval Office â âand make the case,â â recalled Jan Lodal, a former senior Pentagon official who helped organize the meeting. But Lodal said Biden added with a smile: âYouâve got to remember my first name: Itâs âVice.â Spelled V-I-C-E. Iâm the highest paid staff officer in the government.â
Sure enough, Obama rejected the request, fearing that providing lethal aid to Ukraine would escalate tensions with Russia.